Egypt’s health ministry launches second phase of Schistosomiasis detection initiative

EGYPT – Egypt’s Ministry of Health and Population has officially commenced the second phase of its free examination program, which aims to detect and treat schistosomiasis, fasciola, and intestinal parasites early. 

This initiative, which aligns with the sustainable development goals and the Egypt 2030 vision, is a crucial step in the country’s ongoing battle against these diseases.

Hossam Abdel Ghaffar, the Ministry’s official spokesperson, announced the launch of this phase on July 7, 2024. 

He emphasized the government’s commitment to eliminating schistosomiasis by 2025, stating, “Our plan is to eradicate this disease and improve public health across the nation.” 

The strategy involves categorizing Egypt’s governorates into two groups, focusing on early detection and treatment for those infected.

The second phase is currently being implemented in the first group of governorates, which includes Damietta, Beheira, Kafr El-Sheikh, Menoufeya, Gharbeya, Sharqeya, Dakahleya, Giza, Fayoum, Minya, Assiut, Sohag, Qena, Aswan, and Qalyubeya. 

The examinations began in early July and will continue for three months.

Amr Kandil, Deputy Minister of Health and Population, provided further insights into the program’s scope. 

He noted that the first phase targeted 10% of the rural population, collecting samples from over 4.7 million citizens. 

In the second phase, the focus will shift to an additional 12 governorates, where samples will be collected from 100 citizens each month. “Those who test positive will receive free treatment through local health units,” Kandil explained.

In addition to the screening program, Amani Al-Habashi, Head of the Central Department of Endemic Diseases, highlighted the introduction of a second annual vaccination regimen using the drug “Praziquantel” for schistosomiasis treatment. 

This vaccination initiative is active in 16 governorates, including Alexandria, Dakahleya, and Kafr El-Sheikh. Al-Habashi stated, “This vaccination is a vital component of our strategy to combat schistosomiasis, and we are committed to expanding its reach.”

Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the genus Schistosoma blood flukes. 

It is transmitted through contaminated freshwater sources, where the parasite’s larvae develop into adult worms within the human body. 

The disease has been a significant public health concern in Egypt, particularly in rural areas along the Nile.

The Ministry’s efforts to control schistosomiasis date back to the early 20th century and significant progress has been made recently. 

According to Dr. Ayat Haggag, Undersecretary for Endemic Diseases, “We have seen a dramatic reduction in infection rates, but we must remain vigilant to ensure that we eliminate the disease entirely.”

 Thanks to comprehensive screening and treatment campaigns, the current prevalence of schistosomiasis in Egypt has dropped to less than 0.2% in formerly endemic regions.

Despite these advancements, challenges remain. The Ministry acknowledges the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation to identify areas where transmission persists, particularly in rural communities. 

Dr. Haggag emphasized, “We are aware that traditional stool or urine examinations may not detect all infections, so we are employing new testing methods to map out residual transmission areas.”

As Egypt progresses with its health initiatives, the Ministry of Health and Population remains focused on enhancing public health infrastructure and ensuring that vulnerable populations receive the necessary care. 

The ongoing examination program is a testament to the country’s commitment to combating schistosomiasis and improving the quality of life for its citizens.

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