Novel malaria vaccine to be delivered to 12 African Countries by 2024

AFRICA— 18 million doses of the first ever malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, will be allocated to 9 more African Countries, in addition to Ghana, Kenya and Malawi, who are currently finalising the pilot project.

The Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme (MVIP) made the announcement in response to the high demand for the first-ever malaria vaccine.

That the 12 countries in Africa will be allocated a total of 18 million doses of RTS,S/AS01 for the 2023–2025 period.

Moreover, the allocations were made to the countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Niger, Sierra Leone, and Uganda.

The rollout is a critical step forward in the fight against one of the leading causes of death on the continent.

A crucial step is successful over & helps define the new malaria vaccination campaign  

Since 2019, Ghana, Kenya and Malawi have been delivering the malaria vaccine through the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme (MVIP), coordinated by WHO and funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and Unitaid.

The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been administered to more than 1.7 million children in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi since 2019 and has been shown to be safe and effective, resulting in both a substantial reduction in severe malaria and a fall in child deaths.

In addition to Ghana, Kenya and Malawi, the initial 18 million dose allocation will enable nine more countries to introduce the vaccine into their routine immunization programmes for the first time.

This allocation round makes use of the supply of vaccine doses available to Gavi, Vaccine Alliance via UNICEF.

The first doses of the vaccine are expected to arrive in countries during the last quarter of 2023, with countries starting to roll them out by early 2024. 

The malaria vaccine is a breakthrough to improve child health and child survival; and families and communities, rightly, want this vaccine for their children.

Thabani Maphosa, Managing Director of Country Programmes Delivery at Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance said, “This vaccine has the potential to be very impactful in the fight against malaria, and when broadly deployed alongside other interventions, it can prevent tens of thousands of future deaths every year.”

Maphosa noted that while the MVIP works with manufacturers to help ramp up supply, the programme needed to make sure the doses they had were used as effectively as possible, which meant applying the learnings from the pilot programmes as MVIP broadens out to a new total of 12 countries.

UNICEF Associate Director of Immunization, Ephrem T. Lemango added that nearly every minute, a child under 5 years old dies of malaria and that malaria remained one of Africa’s deadliest diseases, killing nearly half a million children under the age of 5, and accounting for approximately 95% of global malaria cases and 96% of deaths in 2021. 

“For a long time, these deaths have been preventable and treatable; but the roll-out of this vaccine will give children, especially in Africa, an even better chance at surviving. As supply increases, we hope even more children can benefit from this life-saving advancement,” Lemango said.

Dr Kate O’Brien, WHO Director of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals added that the malaria vaccine was a breakthrough to improve child health and child survival and that families, and their communities, rightly, wanted the vaccine for their children.

 “The high demand for the vaccine and the strong reach of childhood immunisation will increase equity in access to malaria prevention and save many young lives. We will work tirelessly to increase supply until all children at risk have access,” announced Dr. O’Brien.

The Framework- will define how best to disperse the new Malaria vaccine

Given the limited supply in the first years of the roll-out of this new vaccine, in 2022, WHO convened expert advisors, primarily from Africa to support the development of a Framework for the allocation of limited malaria vaccine supply.

Subsequently, at least 28 African countries have expressed interest in receiving the malaria vaccine.

The Framework also be used to guide where initial limited doses would be allocated.

It is also based on ethical principles on a foundation of solidarity, and it proposes that vaccine allocation begins in the areas of greatest need.  

The Framework implementation group that applied the framework principles included representatives of the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), UNICEF, WHO and the Gavi Secretariat, as well as representatives of civil society and independent advisors.

The group’s recommendations were reviewed and endorsed by the Senior Leadership Endorsement Group of Gavi, WHO and UNICEF. 

Annual global demand for malaria vaccines is estimated at 40–60 million doses by 2026 alone, growing to 80–100 million doses each year by 2030.

In addition to the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine, developed and produced by GSK, and in the future supplied by Bharat Biotech, it is expected that a second vaccine, R21/Matrix-M, developed by Oxford University and manufactured by Serum Institute of India (SII), could also be prequalified by WHO soon.

Gavi has recently outlined its roadmap to support increasing supply to meet demand.

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