NYU Abu Dhabi researchers uncover key brain wiring mechanism linked to mental disorders

UAE— A team of researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi has made a significant breakthrough in understanding how our brains develop and what may go wrong in certain mental health disorders.

Their new study, published in the journal Cell Reports, reveals how a tiny chemical modification on messenger RNA (mRNA), called m6A methylation, plays a crucial role in regulating the production of proteins essential for brain wiring during development.

Led by Professor Dan Ohtan Wang and Research Associate Belal Shohayeb, the RNA-MIND Lab focused on how this molecular mark affects neurons, the brain cells responsible for communication.

Specifically, they found that m6A methylation controls the production of a protein called Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC).

APC is vital for organizing the internal structure of neurons and enabling the local production of β-actin, a key component of the cytoskeleton that supports the growth of axons—long extensions that neurons use to connect and send signals to each other.

This finely tuned process ensures that neurons grow and form connections precisely, which is essential for proper brain development.

However, the researchers also discovered that genetic mutations linked to autism and schizophrenia can disrupt this m6A methylation process, interfering with APC production and, consequently, axon development.

Such disruptions may contribute to the altered brain wiring observed in these neurodevelopmental disorders.

Professor Wang explained that their findings link a global cellular process—how proteins are synthesized throughout the cell—with very localized effects inside neurons that guide brain formation.

He emphasized that when these delicate systems fail, the consequences can be seen in conditions like autism and schizophrenia.

Understanding these molecular details, he said, could pave the way for new approaches to treatment and early intervention.

This research offers fresh insight into the complex biology of brain development, showing how even the smallest molecular changes can have widespread effects on neural connectivity and function.

It also highlights the potential of targeting m6A methylation pathways to improve neuronal resilience and possibly mitigate the impact of genetic and environmental factors on mental health.

Sign up HERE to receive our email newsletters with the latest news and insights from Africa and beyond. Also, follow us on our WhatsApp channel for updates.